Caffeine use in children: What we know, what we have left to learn, and why we should worry

Molecular approaches to diagnosis of invasive aspergillosis what we know and what we do not know.

Invasive aspergillosis (IA) are a major complication in immunocompromized patients where can be serious and rapidly fatal. Early diagnosis and early appropriate antifungal treatment is important in reducing mortality and morbidity. But despite many efforts to develop detection methods, the diagnosis of IA still remains challenging and current conventional methods are limited for adequate diagno...

Superior Capsule Reconstruction: What Do We Know?

The management of irreparable rotator cuff tears remains challenging. Since its introduction by Mihata in 2012, superiorcapsule reconstruction (SCR) has grown in popularity at an astonishingly rapid rate. The aim of this article is to providea comprehensive review of the available literature, in order to highlight what has so far been published on SCR,covering all aspects including biomechanica...

Do We Know What We Do not Know? A Response to Celine Bonnet

what should we know in bipps

cushing’s syndrome is a rare endocrine disease characterized by hypercortisolemia caused by excess acth secreted by the pituitary. distinguishing pituitary sources from the ectopic sources of acth is challenging because of the limited accuracy of noninvasive assays. the test that offers the highest sensitivity and specificity is bilateral inferior petrosal sinus sampling (bipss). in patients wi...

What we know and what we still need to learn.

Research has changed the conceptualization of the causes and consequences of violence. Yet some questions remain unanswered. Infants and young children have largely been overlooked, and intraethnic and cultural group variations have not been addressed. There is still a need to address macro-level systematic discrimination in the health care system along with the intrapersonal physiological chan...